The sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] nested association mapping (NAM) population developed and released at Kansas State University in August 2020 is composed of 2,121 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). These KS-RTx430NAM RILs were derived from 10 founder lines, each crossed separately to RTx430 to develop 10 biparental subpopulations with name designations (KS-RTx430NAM1-1 to KS-RTx430NAM1-220, KS-RTx430NAM2-1 to KS-RTx430NAM2-225, KS-RTx430NAM3-1 to KS-RTx430NAM3-225, KS-RTx430NAM4-1 to KS-RTx430NAM4-204, KS-RTx430NAM5-1 to KS-RTx430NAM5-199, KS-RTx430NAM6-1 to KS-RTx430NAM6-220, KS-RTx430NAM7-1 to KS-RTx430NAM7-211, KS-RTx430NAM8-1 to KS-RTx430NAM8-227, KS-RTx430NAM9-7 to KS-RTx430NAM9-215, and KS-RTx430NAM10-1 to KS-RTx430NAM10-175) (Reg. no. MP-3, NSL 537757 MAP). All KS-RTx430NAM RILs have been genotyped through genotype-by-sequencing using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 with a high-output flow cell and 100-cycle single-end sequencing, and 90,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) captured 70% of known global SNP variation in sorghum and 57,411 recombination events. KS-RTx430NAM RILs are currently being used to identify quantitative trait loci markers for many complex yield, grain quality, and abiotic and biotic stress related traits.