Lignocellulosic biomass offers an abundant and renewable feedstock for sustainable biofuel and biochemical production, but the hemicellulose xylan limits its efficient utilization. Ge et al. present an elegant biomass engineering approach in sweet sorghum by vascular tissue-specific expression of an endo-1,4-β-xylanase to enhance lignocellulosic saccharification to boost the bioeconomy.